セミナー案内：Seminar on ecological researches in the US

今月開催されるＧＣＯＥ国際推進室主催のINeTサマースクールに参加のため来日されるSwanson博士、Jones博士にLTER（長期生態学研究ネットワーク）サイトであるアメリカのH.J.Andrews研究林とオレゴン州立大学での研究について講演していただきます。

発表題目および要旨は下記をご覧ください。

とき：　6月28日　15:30～

ところ：　農学部3F　N31講義室

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The following seminar will be held as part of INet Program by IFES-GCOE.
Two very special guests, Prof. F. Swanson and Prof. J.Jones are invited from Oregon State University, US.

The main research interests of Prof. Swanson are geoecology, geomorphology and disturbances in forest and mountain stream ecosystems, and Prof. Jones has carried out many studies on spatio-temporal statistics, forest hydrology, landscape ecology, surface processes, and biogeography.

They have also been engaged in the Long –Term Ecological Research (LTER) at H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, one of the most productive experimental forests in the U.S.

The seminar includes both general and specific topics on ecology, environment, and interactions between science and the society.

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date and time : Monday, June 28th at 15:30
place : Room N31, Hokkaido University Department of Agriculture
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Guest speakers:

Prof. Frederick J. Swanson (Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, OSU)
& Prof. Julia Jones (Department of Geosciences, OSU)

titles:
1. New Developments in US Ecology/Environment Research – Large Observatory/Experimental Networks.
2. The State for Federal Forestry in Pacific Northwest and western US.
3. Engaging the Humanities and Arts in Long-Term Ecological Research Programs and Sites.
4. Volcano Ecology.
5. Climate Change Science and long-term ecological research.

host: Futoshi Nakamura
(Hokkaido University, Forest Ecosystem Management Group)

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Program

1. New Developments in US Ecology/Environment Research – Large Observatory/Experimental Networks.
Fred Swanson. 15 min.
Abstract:
The 30-year old US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program of 26 sites has proven very successful in developing a strong community of scientist addressing environmental change and social-ecological problems. This is leading to development of network capacity in other collections of research sites through the efforts of the National Science Foundation – a Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) examines soil systems, the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) is establishing state-of-the-art environmental monitoring systems at 20 core sites across the country, and NSF and the Forest Service are poised to establish a system of Urban Long-Term Research Areas (ULTRA) in perhaps 10 cities. This trend toward network science creates new opportunities, but also the risk of creating too much administration costs at the expense of actual research in a world of limited funding. There also are many issues – yet to be resolved – about how data collected from a NEON (or other) network sensor array can be used by the research community (ecoinformatics). http://www.lternet.edu/ ; http://www.neoninc.org/ ; http://criticalzone.org/ ; ULTRA: http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2009/nsf09551/nsf09551.htm

2. The State for Federal Forestry in Pacific Northwest and western US.
Fred Swanson. 10 min.
Abstract:
After the great conflict about the future of forestry on Federal forest lands in the Pacific Northwest, the Northwest Forest Plan went into effect for 10 million hectares in the range of the northern spotted owl. Now 15 years later we see very restricted logging (mainly thinning in plantations created by clearcutting 40-60 years ago), some increase in extent of old-growth forest (despite forest fire and very minor logging), and continued decline of the spotted owl as it is displaced by the barred owl extending its range into the area. This is an interesting example of how difficult it is to carry out a broad-scale conservation strategy even in so short a period as 15 years.

3. Engaging the Humanities and Arts in Long-Term Ecological Research Programs and Sites.
Fred Swanson. 10 min.
Abstract:
A combination of the humanities with strong technical knowledge has historically strongly influenced public understanding of nature and land use policy and management. Therefore, we have been bringing creative writers and philosophers to the Andrews Experimental Forest to see what they can learn from the forest and from long-term ecological research. The results have been exciting. http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/research/related/writers.cfm?topnav=167

4. Volcano Ecology.
Fred Swanson. 15 min.
Abstract:
Since Mount St. Helens erupted 30 years ago, many academic and Forest Service ecologists, working in collaboration with geologists, have been conducting long-term volcano ecology research in the area affected by many volcanic processes. We have been studying ecology to better understand the geological processes and also to under biological and landscape response to eruptions. Comparisons with ecological effects at other volcanoes, especially Chaiten (Chile), has revealed several important features of interactions of volcanic activity with terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; and also some important approaches to conduct of volcano ecology research programs. Japan offers important sites for volcano ecology research.

5. Climate Change Science and long-term ecological research.
Julia Jones. 50 min.
Abstract:
Climate has warmed in many parts of the US, but the effects of climate warming on watershed and ecosystem processes may be complex and difficult to predict. Ecosystem feedbacks – both short-term and long-term – may mitigate predicted changes in water yield, ecosystem productivity, and species distributions. In addition, population growth and policies for managing land and water resources may exacerbate or mitigate climate change effects. We review available evidence of climate change and associated ecosystem responses at a range of US LTER sites, and discuss efforts to understand and model species’ range distribution responses in the US.

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